Neurodegenerative

Biological rhythms in premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder: a systematic review.

BMC women's healthOctober 7, 2024

View on PubMed DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03395-3

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This systematic review examined biological rhythm disruptions in women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), with direct implications for sleep optimization. Researchers analyzed 25 studies investigating the relationship between biological rhythms and premenstrual symptoms. The study suggests that women with PMS/PMDD experience several sleep-related biological rhythm disruptions compared to women without these conditions. These findings are particularly relevant for sleep optimization protocols, as they highlight how hormonal fluctuations can affect circadian rhythms and sleep quality in reproductive-aged women. The research indicates that premenstrual conditions may require specialized approaches to sleep optimization, particularly regarding melatonin regulation and temperature management. However, the review notes conflicting results for some parameters, suggesting that more research is needed to fully understand the relationship between biological rhythms and premenstrual symptoms. This information could inform personalized sleep strategies for women experiencing cyclical sleep disturbances.

Key Findings

Women with PMS/PMDD showed lower melatonin levels compared to women without these conditions
Elevated nighttime core body temperature was observed in women with PMS/PMDD
Women with PMS/PMDD reported worse subjective perception of sleep quality
Objective sleep parameters showed conflicting results across studies

Abstract

Women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) typically experience a range of psychological and physiological symptoms that negatively affect their quality of life. Disruption in biological rhythms, including alterations of the sleep-wake cycle, have been implicated in PMS/PMDD, though literature is still growing to substantiate these findings. The objective of this study is to systematically review the available literature on biological rhythms disruption in PMS/PMDD. A literature search was conducted on four databases (Pubmed, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science) on December 3rd, 2021. This search yielded a total of 575 articles that assessed the relationship between biological rhythms and PMS/PMDD/premenstrual symptoms. After the exclusion of irrelevant articles and hand-searching references, 25 articles were included in this systematic review. Some studies showed that women with PMS/PMDD present lower melatonin levels, elevated nighttime core body temperature, and worse subjective perception of sleep quality when compared to women without PMS/PMDD. Other biological rhythms parameters showed either no differences between groups (wrist actimetry) or conflicting results (objective sleep parameters, cortisol, prolactin, and thyroid stimulating hormone). Current research demonstrates that women with PMS/PMDD experience lower melatonin levels, higher body temperature, and worse subjective perception of sleep quality. This review outlines some possible mechanisms behind these findings and proposes recommendations for future research. This systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under registration number CRD42020149921.

Authors

Adile Nexha, Luisa Caropreso, Taiane de Azevedo Cardoso, Jee Su Suh, André C Tonon, Benicio N Frey

Related Protocol

Blueprint Sleep Optimization

Study Details

Health Domain: Neurodegenerative
Journal: BMC women's health
Published: October 7, 2024
Authors: 6
Key Findings: 4

Neurodegenerative
Sleep physiology, pathophysiology, and sleep hygiene.
Progress in cardiovascular diseasesJan 2023
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This comprehensive review examines sleep's fundamental role in health optimization and provides evidence-based recommendations for improving sleep quality. The researchers highlight that quality sleep supports multiple biological functions including cardiovascular health, mental health, cognition, memory consolidation, immunity, reproductive health, and hormone regulation. The study identifies common sleep problems including insomnia, sleep apnea, and circadian rhythm disorders that can contribute to significant health issues. The authors emphasize that proper sleep hygiene through behavioral modifications represents the most effective long-term approach to sleep improvement. They provide specific recommendations including maintaining 7-9 hours of sleep, consistent sleep/wake schedules, regular bedtime routines, exercise, and contemplative practices. The review also identifies substances and behaviors that negatively impact sleep quality, including late-day caffeine, alcohol, heavy meals, and light exposure, which are associated with fragmented, poor-quality sleep. This research directly supports Blueprint Sleep Optimization by providing evidence-based strategies for enhancing sleep duration and quality.
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Blueprint Sleep Optimization PubMed DOI
Neurodegenerative
The effects of light therapy on sleep problems: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Sleep medicine reviewsOct 2016
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This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of light therapy for various sleep problems, analyzing 53 studies with 1,154 participants total. The research found that light therapy demonstrates moderate effectiveness for treating sleep problems generally, with small to medium effect sizes. The study suggests light therapy is particularly beneficial for circadian rhythm sleep disorders, insomnia, and sleep problems related to Alzheimer's disease and dementia. For insomnia specifically, researchers found that higher light intensity treatments showed larger effects. The analysis revealed that effects were smaller when examining only randomized controlled trials for circadian rhythm disorders, and studies with more female participants showed larger effects for dementia-related sleep problems. While the findings support light therapy as an effective intervention, the researchers noted indication of publication bias and emphasized that most effect sizes were in the small to medium range. This research is relevant to morning sunlight exposure as it demonstrates the broader therapeutic potential of light-based interventions for sleep regulation.
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Morning Sunlight Exposure PubMed DOI
Neurodegenerative
[Light and Medicine].
Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)Dec 2016
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This research discusses the fundamental role of light in regulating biological functions through our internal body clocks. The study suggests that Earth's rotation has led to the development of biological clocks in all living organisms, which regulate bodily functions through 24-hour circadian rhythms and seasonal patterns. The researchers emphasize that these light-driven rhythmic patterns have significant impacts on both health and disease, affecting both diagnostic approaches and treatment strategies. Notably, the study indicates that bright light therapy has demonstrated therapeutic effectiveness, particularly for seasonal affective disorder, where it may be even more effective than certain antidepressant medications. This research provides foundational understanding of how light exposure influences our biological systems, though the abstract lacks specific details about study methodology, sample sizes, or duration of light exposure protocols.
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Morning Sunlight Exposure PubMed DOI

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